Stress Fractures

Definition

A stress facture in an incomplete crack in the bone caused by overuse. A foot that is not structurally sound is prone to developing stress fractures. Even a normal foot can easily develop a stress fracture from repetitive use; symptoms may include pain, redness, and swelling.

Statistics

• 0.7%-15% of athletic injuries are stress fractures
• Track athletes have the highest amount of stress fractures
• The first metatarsal accounts for 10% of metatarsal stress fractures
• The second, third and fourth metatarsals account for 90% of the metatarsal injuries
• There is a decrease in the incidence of stress fractures in men with lean body mass
• 8.8% of stress fractures occur in the metatarsals
• 25.3% of stress fractures occur in the tarsal bones
• 0.9% of stress fractures occur in the sesamoids
• 28% of stress fractures occur in the calcaneus

Causes

• Overuse or strain of the foot
• Medical conditions such as osteoporosis
• Medications such as steroids
• Sudden increased activity level

What can you do?

• Use cold compresses or ice
• Get complete rest
• Elevate the feet
• Stay off your feet

What might the podiatrist do?

• Perform a physical examination
• Perform X-ray evaluation and future exams as needed
• Immobilize or cast the foot/leg
• Prescribe custom orthotics for long term control and prevention
• Prescribe medications when indicated

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